1. Alaabada ceeriin ee asaasiga ah iyo ka-hortagga walxaha shaandhada
1). Walxaha Fiberka: Fiilooyinka synthetic sida polypropylene (PP) iyo polyester (PET) waxay u baahan yihiin in la qalajiyo (wax ka yar ama u dhigma 0.1%), fiilooyinka dabiiciga ah sida suufka iyo dhogorta ayaa u baahan in la nadiifiyo oo la jeermiyo.
2). Qalabka granular: Kaarboon firfircoon, ciid quartz, iwm. waxay u baahan yihiin in la shaandheeyo oo la shaandheeyo (xajmiga qaybuhu waa 0.5-5mm), dhulka diatomaceous wuxuu u baahan yahay in lagu xisaabiyo heerkul sare (800 darajo) si loo kordhiyo porosity.
3). Qaybaha isku dhafan: Tusaale ahaan, alaabta shaandhada dahaarka leh ee PTFE waxay u baahan yihiin in balaasmaha lagu daweeyo marada salka si kor loogu qaado adhesion (xoogga diirka Ka weyn ama la mid ah 15N/cm).
Qoyaanka deegaanka (RH In ka yar ama la mid ah 40%) wuxuu u baahan yahay in si adag loo xakameeyo inta lagu jiro marxaladda daawaynta ka hor si looga fogaado isbedbeddelka hantida alaabta. Tusaale ahaan, index-ka dhalaalka ah ee fiber polypropylene ee 160-180 darajo wuxuu u baahan yahay inuu ahaado mid deggan 25-35g/10min (ASTM D1238 standard).
2. Isbarbardhigga hababka wax soo saarka caadiga ah iyo xuduudaha farsamada
1). Habka dhalaalidda
- Habka: dhalaalka polymer → sare-cadaadiska socodka hawada → samaynta mesh fiber
- Halbeegyada furaha: dhexroorka spinneret 0.2-0.4mm, heerkulka hawada kulul 230-280 darajo, dhexroor fiber 1-10μm
- Codsiga: wax soo saarka tayo sare leh - hufnaan iyo hoose - walxaha shaandhaynta iska caabinta (noolaynta 99.9% @0.3μm, iska caabin ka yar ama la mid ah 50Pa)
2). Habka feerka irbadda
- Habka: dhigista fiber-ka → badan - dalool saxanka irbadaha (soo noqnoqda irbado 800-1200 jeer/daqiiqo) → xoojinta dareenka
- Faa'iidooyinka: wuxuu soo saari karaa saddex{1}}qalabka shaandhada qaab-dhismeedka cabbirka, miisaanka garaam 100-800g/m², xawli-qaadka hawada 5-20cm³/cm²/s
3). Habka sintering
- Walxaha shaandhada birta/ dhoobada waxay u baahan yihiin in lagu cadaadiyo budo (cadaadiska 20-50MPa) ka dibna lagu miiray heerkul sare (1100-1300 digrii birta aan-tusin iyo 1600 digrii alumina)
- Porosity waxaa lagu xakameyn karaa 30-60%, iyo heerkulka iska caabbinta ayaa ka sarreeya 500 darajo
3. Ku dheji{1} Farsamaynta habaynta iyo hagaajinta waxqabadka
1). Wax ka beddelka dusha sare:
- Daaweynta Hydrophobic (sida xagasha xidhiidhka daahan fluorocarbon Ka weyn ama le'eg yahay 120 darajo)
- Dhammaystirka bakteeriyada lidka ku ah (load ion 0.5-2%)
2). Xoojinta qaab dhismeedka:
- Alxanka Ultrasonic (soo noqnoqda 20kHz) si loo horumariyo xoogga tollayn
- Daawaynta kululaynta kalandarka si looga dhigo qaybinta cabbirka daloolka mid ka sii badan (qiimaha CV In ka yar ama la mid ah 15%)